From eric.britton at ecoplan.org Thu Feb 1 00:29:04 2001 From: eric.britton at ecoplan.org (ecopl@n.adsl) Date: Wed, 31 Jan 2001 16:29:04 +0100 Subject: [sustran] =?iso-8859-1?Q?Earth_Car_Free_Day_and_Bogot=E1_II?= In-Reply-To: <3A78271A.19915.2035BB3@localhost> Message-ID: >>I was a bit surprised you did not mention that Bogot? is having its second Car-Free Day tomorrow... what happened?<< Dear Mr.. Rojas, Excellent question. I should have mentioned it, but information on Bogot? II is traceable through the Earth Car Free Day website at www.carfreeday.com. This year's event is entitled "Sin mi carro en Bogot?? Paragraph que la democracia ruede", and the Spanish language site with full information on it is at http://www.sinmicarroenbogota.com/ We have not worked with them directly on this - other than feeding them information, ideas and ecnouragament - since they already have in hand the great model that we all worked so hard to establish last year, and with such great results. I might also mention that as of the first of this month, a new team came in with the new mayor, so they have not had a great deal of time to organize the transittion. I remain however optimistic that with all their previous work, accomplishments, insights and local support, they are going to do a fine job. Stay tuned! And by the way, do you have any good ideas for Earth Car Free Day in Leeds and environs. With all good wishes, Eric Britton ecopl@n___ technology, economy, society ___ Le Frene, 8/10 rue Joseph Bara, 75006 Paris, France Eric.Britton@ecoplan.org URL ecoplan.org Day phone: +331 4326 1323 Mobile: +336 80 96 78 79 Voice/Videoconference/Data +331.4441.6340 (1-4) 24 hour Voicemail/Fax hotline: +331 5301 2896 From czegras at MIT.EDU Wed Feb 14 06:23:57 2001 From: czegras at MIT.EDU (P. Christopher Zegras) Date: Tue, 13 Feb 2001 16:23:57 -0500 Subject: [sustran] Information wanted: evidence of mobility impacts in developing world In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 17 Dec 2000 02:00:29 +0900." <200012161700.CAA17120@mail.jca.apc.org> Message-ID: <200102132123.QAA26007@rotch-32.mit.edu> Dear friends, As part of a research initiative being undertaken here at MIT, I am looking for recent data (city level) from the developing world and the so-called transition economies in the following areas: 1. Mobility benefits - travel time savings, burden alleviation, etc. related to various mobility interventions, whether it be motorization, improved public transport service, improved bicycle facilities, etc. etc. 2. Air quality - levels and causes of pollution 3. Energy consumption - levels and causes by mode 4. Accidents 5. Congestion 6. Noise - levels and causes 7. Equity - distribution of benefits and negative impacts of mobility interventions and mobility patterns 8. Other effects - land consumption, barrier effect, impacts on government resources, etc. 9. Innovative solutions in any stage of implementation to address these impacts. I am most keen on finding recent data and analysis, since much of this type of information is often unpublished or not widely circulated. Any leads, help, resources would be most gratefully appreciated and the final information will be made available to all collaborators. Warmest regards, Chris Zegras MIT's Center for Environmental Initiatives E40--468 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 Tel: 617 258 6084 Fax: 253 8013 From negronpp at MAGELLAN.UMontreal.CA Wed Feb 14 07:22:37 2001 From: negronpp at MAGELLAN.UMontreal.CA (negronpp@MAGELLAN.UMontreal.CA) Date: Tue, 13 Feb 2001 17:22:37 -0500 (EST) Subject: [sustran] Information wanted: evidence of mobility impacts in developing world Message-ID: <982102957.3a89b3ad137ab@www.courrier.umontreal.ca> As a response to Christopher Zegras, email, here are some references that can be useful: C?mara, P. & Banister, D. (1993) Spatial inequalities in the provision of public transport in Latin American cities. In Transport reviews, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 351-373. Leinbach, T.R. (1995) Transport and third world development: review, issues, and prescription. In Transportation research A, Vol. 29A, No. 5, pp. 337-344. Leinbach, T.R. (2000) Mobility in development context: changing perspectives, new interpretations, and the real issues. In Journal of transport geography, Vol. 8, pp. 1-9. Wirth, C.J. (1997) Transportation policy in Mexico city. The politics and impacts of privatization. In Urban affairs review, Vol. 33, No. 2, november, pp. 155-181. As well, I recomend to check on the CODATU publications. I hope this helps. From sujit at vsnl.com Wed Feb 14 13:50:26 2001 From: sujit at vsnl.com (Sujit Patwardhan) Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2001 10:20:26 +0530 Subject: [sustran] Re: Information wanted: evidence of mobility impacts in developing world In-Reply-To: <200102132123.QAA26007@rotch-32.mit.edu> References: Message-ID: <4.0.1.20010214101616.00e401b0@202.54.10.1> 14 February 2001 To the list suggested by I would add:- Taking Steps: A Community Action Guide to People-Centred, Equitable and Sustainable Urban Transport by A. Rahman Paul Berter and Tamim Raad --Sujit Patwardhan, Parisar, Pune, India At 04:23 PM 2/13/01 -0500, you wrote: >Dear friends, > >As part of a research initiative being undertaken here at MIT, I am looking >for recent data (city level) from the developing world and the so-called >transition economies in the following areas: > >1. Mobility benefits - travel time savings, burden alleviation, etc. related >to various mobility interventions, whether it be motorization, improved public >transport service, improved bicycle facilities, etc. etc. > >2. Air quality - levels and causes of pollution > >3. Energy consumption - levels and causes by mode > >4. Accidents > >5. Congestion > >6. Noise - levels and causes > >7. Equity - distribution of benefits and negative impacts of mobility >interventions and mobility patterns > >8. Other effects - land consumption, barrier effect, impacts on government >resources, etc. > >9. Innovative solutions in any stage of implementation to address these >impacts. > >I am most keen on finding recent data and analysis, since much of this type of >information is often unpublished or not widely circulated. Any leads, help, >resources would be most gratefully appreciated and the final information will >be made available to all collaborators. > >Warmest regards, > >Chris Zegras >MIT's Center for Environmental Initiatives >E40--468 >77 Massachusetts Avenue >Cambridge, MA 02139 >Tel: 617 258 6084 >Fax: 253 8013 > From eric.britton at ecoplan.org Wed Feb 14 19:24:40 2001 From: eric.britton at ecoplan.org (ecopl@n.adsl) Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2001 11:24:40 +0100 Subject: [sustran] Information wanted: evidence of mobility impacts in developing world In-Reply-To: <200102132123.QAA26007@rotch-32.mit.edu> Message-ID: Dear Chris, And then of course there is always the new (and older) edition of Kenworthy and Newman (Sustainability and Cities : Overcoming Automobile Dependence, 1999, and Cities and Automobile Dependence: An International Sourcebook, 1960-1990), as well as Todd Litman's fine VTSI site at http://www.vtpi.org with all its treasures. (I am sure you know all this, but just in case....) And don't forget that we ALL will do well to lend a hand in some way to Earth Car Free Day 2001, which is now barely two months away. Please visit www.carfreeday.com and figure out how you are going to do your part. (By the way, I have not yet figured out exactly what I am going to do for my part, though it's for sure that I will stay out of my car... which of course is no big deal when you live in Paris. What I am contemplating is to come up with a 'reasonable but pretty severe" personal CO2 budget, which if I do I must of course treat as gospel. Gotta walk the walk!) With all good wishes, Eric Britton ecopl@n___ technology, economy, society ___ Le Frene, 8/10 rue Joseph Bara, 75006 Paris, France Eric.Britton@ecoplan.org URL ecoplan.org Day phone: +331 4326 1323 Mobile: +336 80 96 78 79 Voice/Videoconference/Data +331.4441.6340 (1-4) 24 hour Voicemail/Fax hotline: +331 5301 2896 From sujit at vsnl.com Thu Feb 15 15:38:04 2001 From: sujit at vsnl.com (Sujit Patwardhan) Date: Thu, 15 Feb 2001 12:08:04 +0530 Subject: [sustran] Mobility Impacts, Carfree Issues and Earth Day Message-ID: <4.0.1.20010215115436.00e4fbb0@202.54.10.1> 15 February 2001 Sorry ... for posting this yet again. Paul Barter was kind enough to point out that the messages didn't make it through the system as it filters out the HTML. I had apparently used indents, bold etc. Sorry. Here are the last two messages in plain text, with apologies to those who may be receiving this for the third time.. --Sujit Patwardhan ------------------------------------ Dear Eric, I'm Sorry. After complaining about your site I visited it again and this time was able to navigate with ease and even managed to get information about Parisar filled inot your online form. Obviously I was doing something wrong or the site has sudddenly gone on steroids. I think other members of sustran discuss will also find it interesting. The URL's right here:- Will keep you posted of what we are doing for the Vehicle-Free Earth day. --Sujit ------------------------------------------ 14 February 2001 Dear Eric, ------------------------------------ >And don't forget that we ALL will do well to lend a hand in some way to >Earth Car Free Day 2001, which is now barely two months away. Please visit >www.carfreeday.com and figure out how you are going to do your part. ------------------------------------ Talking about Earth Car Free Day 2001, I'm still figuring out how to navigate through the Common's site at . I've completed the online form with details asked and have been waiting for an email response confirming my inclusion as a member who can then access the the deeper levels of the site but they have NOT responded by Email as I thought they would. This site could have become a great resource particularly in view of the fact that most of the other sites are still displaying the material for the World Car Free day 21st Sept 2000. The wonderfully designed Adbusters site still (see below) takes you to Carfree Day 2000. http://www.adbusters.org/campaigns/urbanspace/carfree.html We (in Pune, India) are trying to organize a Vehicle Free (motorised two wheelers as well as four wheelers) day on 19 April 2001 but can't find a site which puts this whole concept in a nutshell for the uninitiated. The best material I've found on the net devoted to freeing ourselves from the auto-drug is J.H Crawford's Carfree Cities' site but Earth Day-World Carfree Day is only part of what the site carries . The idea of a Carfree Day is still unusual for us though 91,000 new vehicles (70% of these two wheelers) are registered and brought on the roads each year in Pune city (population approx 3.5 million). The vehicle population may seem small by Western standards but it is actually higher per capita than Bombay (Mumbai) which is a metropolis. The only solution anyone thinks of is to widen the roads or to make new roads (already they are planning flyovers where there is no scope for widening the roads), and officials laugh when concepts such as vehicle restraint and traffic reduction are suggested as the real solutions. When we show them provisions of UK's Traffic Reduction Act and the BBC documentary in Panorama 1998, "U-Turn On Traffic" they say "That was a nice film but it doesn't apply to developing countries like ours which must "develop" by having more roads, cars etc" ...... and I guess, other environment destroying projects (Big Dams, Nuclear Power etc for instance). The situation here is similar to what John Hilary in his article "Paradise Lost:The Decline of Bicycle in Transportation in Asia" describes wonderfully. Worth a read at the International Bicycle Fund's site If you could suggest any sites where material on Carfree Day 2001 is available it would be a great help. Of course we'll have to modify it suitably for our situation (for a start, we have to replace the image of CARfree by one which includes Cars, Scooters and Motorbikes). Sorry this has become rather long. I could condense it but I suspect it may be representative of other members' predicament especially of those from the third world. So I will keep it as it is and welcome responses from others (in addition to Eric Britton). Sincerely, --Sujit Sujit Patwardhan Parisar, Pune , India --------------------------- At 11:24 AM 2/14/01 +0100, you wrote: >Dear Chris, > >And then of course there is always the new (and older) edition of Kenworthy >and Newman (Sustainability and Cities : Overcoming Automobile Dependence, >1999, and Cities and Automobile Dependence: An International Sourcebook, >1960-1990), as well as Todd Litman's fine VTSI site at http://www.vtpi.org >with all its treasures. (I am sure you know all this, but just in case....) > >And don't forget that we ALL will do well to lend a hand in some way to >Earth Car Free Day 2001, which is now barely two months away. Please visit >www.carfreeday.com and figure out how you are going to do your part. (By >the way, I have not yet figured out exactly what I am going to do for my >part, though it's for sure that I will stay out of my car... which of course >is no big deal when you live in Paris. What I am contemplating is to come >up with a 'reasonable but pretty severe" personal CO2 budget, which if I do >I must of course treat as gospel. Gotta walk the walk!) > >With all good wishes, > >Eric Britton > >ecopl@n___ technology, economy, society ___ >Le Frene, 8/10 rue Joseph Bara, 75006 Paris, France >Eric.Britton@ecoplan.org URL ecoplan.org >Day phone: +331 4326 1323 Mobile: +336 80 96 78 79 >Voice/Videoconference/Data +331.4441.6340 (1-4) >24 hour Voicemail/Fax hotline: +331 5301 2896 ---------------------------------------- PARISAR, Yamuna, ICS Colony, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411 007 Tel: 5537955 ***************************************************************** In nature there are neither Rewards nor Punishments--- there are Consequences. ***************************************************************** From geobpa at nus.edu.sg Fri Feb 16 10:42:26 2001 From: geobpa at nus.edu.sg (Paul Barter) Date: Fri, 16 Feb 2001 09:42:26 +0800 Subject: [sustran] FW: Worldwatch Issue Alert: Paving the Planet Message-ID: <2C9E855D35B9D01198190020AFFBE8CB0A0092D8@exs04.ex.nus.edu.sg> -----Original Message----- From: Farheen Mukri [mailto:farheen@riet.org.sg] Sent: Thursday, 15 February 2001 6:04 To: 'Geraldine Lee'; 'Kenneth NEOCorp'; 'Paul Barter'; 'Nai Rui Chng'; 'Nick JH'; 'TIM'; 'Tom Sounness 2nd add' Subject: Worldwatch Issue Alert: Paving the Planet > ---------- > From: RJ Kauffman[SMTP:rjkauffman@worldwatch.org] > Sent: 14 February, 2001 8:45 PM > > February 14, 2001 > > PAVING THE PLANET: > CARS AND CROPS COMPETING FOR LAND > > Lester R. Brown > > As the new century begins, the competition between cars and > crops for cropland is intensifying. Until now, the paving over of > cropland has occurred largely in industrial countries, home to four > fifths of the world's 520 million automobiles. But now, more and more > farmland is being sacrificed in developing countries with hungry > populations, calling into question the future role of the car. > Millions of hectares of cropland in the industrial world have > been paved over for roads and parking lots. Each U.S. car, for example, > requires on average 0.07 hectares (0.18 acres) of paved land for roads > and parking space. For every five cars added to the U.S. fleet, an area > the size of a football field is covered with asphalt. > More often than not, cropland is paved simply because the flat, > well-drained soils that are well suited for farming are also ideal for > building roads. Once paved, land is not easily reclaimed. As > environmentalist Rupert Cutler once noted, "Asphalt is the land's last > crop." > The United States, with its 214 million motor vehicles, has > paved 6.3 million kilometers (3.9 million miles) of roads, enough to > circle the Earth at the equator 157 times. In addition to roads, cars > require parking space. Imagine a parking lot for 214 million cars and > trucks. If that is too difficult, try visualizing a parking lot for > 1,000 cars and then imagine what 214,000 of these would look like. > However we visualize it, the U.S. area devoted to roads and > parking lots covers an estimated 16 million hectares (61,000 square > miles), an expanse approaching the size of the 21 million hectares that > U.S. farmers planted in wheat last year. But this paving of land in > industrial countries is slowing as countries approach automobile > saturation. In the United States, there are three vehicles for every > four people. In Western Europe and Japan, there is typically one for > every two people. > In developing countries, however, where automobile fleets are > still small and where cropland is in short supply, the paving is just > getting underway. More and more of the 11 million cars added annually to > the world's vehicle fleet of 520 million are found in the developing > world. This means that the war between cars and crops is being waged > over wheat fields and rice paddies in countries where hunger is common. > The outcome of this conflict in China and India, two countries that > together contain 38 percent of the world's people, will affect food > security everywhere. > Car-centered industrial societies that are densely populated, > such as Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan, have paved an average of > 0.02 hectares per vehicle. And they have lost some of their most > productive cropland in the process. Similarly, China and India also face > acute pressure on their cropland base from industrialization. Although > China covers roughly the same area as the United States, its 1.3 billion > people are concentrated in just one third of the country--a > thousand-mile strip on the eastern and southern coast where the cropland > is located. > If China were one day to achieve the Japanese automobile > ownership rate of one car for every two people, it would have a fleet of > 640 million, compared with only 13 million today. While the idea of such > an enormous fleet may seem farfetched, we need only remind ourselves > that China has already overtaken the United States in steel production, > fertilizer use, and red meat production. It is a huge economy and, since > 1980, also the world's fastest growing economy. > Assuming 0.02 hectares of paved land per vehicle in China, as in > Europe and Japan, a fleet of 640 million cars would require paving > nearly 13 million hectares of land, most of which would likely be > cropland. This figure is over one half of China's 23 million hectares of > rice land, part of which it double crops to produce 135 million tons of > rice, the principal food staple. When farmers in southern China lose a > hectare of double-cropped riceland to the automobile, their rice > production takes a double hit. Even one car for every four people, half > the Japanese ownership rate, would consume a substantial area of > cropland. > The situation in India is similar. While India is geographically > only a third the size of China, it too has more than 1 billion people, > and it now has 8 million motor vehicles. Its fast-growing villages and > cities are already encroaching on its cropland. Add to this the land > paved for the automobile, and India, too, will be facing a heavy loss of > cropland. A country projected to add 515 million more people by 2050 > cannot afford to cover valuable cropland with asphalt for roads and > parking lots. > There is not enough land in China, India, and other densely > populated countries like Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Iran, Egypt, > and Mexico to support automobile-centered transportation systems and to > feed their people. The competition between cars and crops for land is > becoming a competition between the rich and the poor, between those who > can afford automobiles and those who struggle to buy enough food. > Governments that subsidize an automobile infrastructure with > revenues collected from the entire population are, in effect, collecting > money from the poor to support the cars of the wealthy. In subsidizing > the development of an auto-centered transport system, governments are > also inevitably subsidizing the paving of cropland. If, as now seems > likely, automobile ownership never goes beyond the affluent minority in > developing countries, this becomes an ongoing and largely invisible > transfer of income from the poor to the rich. > In a land-hungry world, the time has come to reassess the future > of the automobile, to design transportation systems that provide > mobility for entire populations, not just affluent minorities, and that > do this without threatening food security. When Beijing announced in > 1994 that it planned to make the auto industry one of the growth sectors > for the next few decades, a group of eminent scientists--many of them > members of the National Academy of Sciences--produced a white paper > challenging this decision. They identified several reasons why China > should not develop a car-centered transport system, but the first was > that the country did not have enough cropland both to feed its people > and to provide land for the automobile. > The team of scientists recommended that instead of building an > automobile infrastructure of roads and parking lots, China should > concentrate on developing state-of-the-art light rail systems augmented > by buses and bicycles. This would not only provide mobility for far more > people than a congested auto-centered system, but it would also protect > cropland. > There are many reasons to question the goal of building > automobile-centered transportation systems everywhere, including climate > change, air pollution, and traffic congestion. But the loss of cropland > alone is sufficient. Nearly all of the 3 billion people to be added to > the current world population of 6 billion by mid-century will be born in > developing countries where there is not enough land to feed everyone and > to accommodate the automobile. Future food security now depends on > restructuring transportation budgets--investing less in highway > infrastructure and more in rail and bicycle infrastructure. > > For data and additional information: > www.worldwatch.org/alerts/indexia.html > > Contact: Reah Janise Kauffman > Copyright: 2001 Worldwatch Institute > 1776 Massachusetts Ave., NW > Washington, DC 20036-1904 > > PHONE: (202) 452-1992 x 514 > FAX: (202) 296-7365 > EMAIL: rjkauffman@worldwatch.org > > From debi at beag.net Fri Feb 16 11:06:54 2001 From: debi at beag.net (Debi Goenka) Date: Fri, 16 Feb 2001 07:36:54 +0530 Subject: [sustran] Carfree Issues and Earth Day References: <4.0.1.20010215115436.00e4fbb0@202.54.10.1> Message-ID: <3A8C8B3E.5FE84C72@beag.net> I thought this might be an interesting piece of news. Mumbai is currently hosting an International Fleet Review, which is a very prestigious event for the Indian Navy. In an attempt to increase visibility for this event, the Indian Navy has been doing a clean air campaign. As part of this campaign, they have persuaded the State Government to declare two unscheduled holidays - the idea seems to be to reduce car use within the city, particularly the southern part where the events will actually take place. Industries have also been requested to shut down for these 4 days. Bottom line is - how come this is not done when the health of 14 million people is affected? Cheers Debi -- Debi Goenka Bombay Environmental Action Group e-mail: debi@beag.net debi.beag@softhome.net Environmental Education Office Kalbadevi Municipal School # 54, 2nd floor Mumbai 400002 Tel: 91-22-2423126 Tfax: 91-22-2426385 Residence B 502 Glengate Hiran Gardens Powai Mumbai 400076 Tel: 91-22-5700638 Tfax: 91-22-5701459 From geobpa at nus.edu.sg Fri Feb 16 13:23:59 2001 From: geobpa at nus.edu.sg (Paul Barter) Date: Fri, 16 Feb 2001 12:23:59 +0800 Subject: [sustran] FW: Media Release: Take the Smogbusters Way to the Polling Booth Message-ID: <2C9E855D35B9D01198190020AFFBE8CB0A0092DB@exs04.ex.nus.edu.sg> -----Original Message----- From: Eric Manners [mailto:smog@qccqld.org.au] Sent: Friday, 16 February 2001 11:56 To: smog@qccqld.org.au Subject: Media Release: Take the Smogbusters Way to the Polling Booth For immediate release Friday, 16 February 2001 SMOGBUSTERS URGE QUEENSLANDERS TO TAKE THE "SMOGBUSTERS WAY TO THE POLLING BOOTH" TOMORROW, BY WALKING, RIDING A BIKE OR USING PUBLIC TRANSPORT Smogbusters and the Queensland Conservation Council (QCC) have recommended voters to try leaving their cars at home for the Queensland election tomorrow and take the "Smogbusters Way to the Polling Booth" instead. "Walking, cycling or using public transport instead of driving to your local polling booth will not only reduce air pollution," said Eric Manners, QCC's Smogbusters Project Officer, "it will also make local streets safer and quieter." Mr Manners said election day is the perfect day to try the "Smogbusters Way" to get around, as polling booths are often very near the home. "Leaving the car at home and using a more sustainable mode of transport is a strong statement in itself," said Mr Manners. "And you can make an even stronger statement by placing your vote for candidates who support livable communities based on public transport, cycling and walking instead of more and more cars." Mr Manners said the election was also a great opportunity to explore the local neighbourhood, meet friendly neighbours and have your say in the future of our state. "You might try combining your trip to the polling booth with a family picnic at the local park, or a leisurely bike ride around the neighbourhood." Smogbusters acknowledge that not all Queenslanders will be able to leave their cars at home on election day, but they can still take the "Smogbusters Way to the Polling Booth" by getting together with neighbours and car pooling. This will reduce car parking congestion at the polling booth and will save petrol as well. For more information contact Eric Manners, QCC's Smogbusters Queensland Project Officer, on (07) 3221 0188 or 0438 603 540 Smogbusters is a joint initiative of the Queensland Conservation Council and the Federal Government through the Natural Heritage Trust. --------- Eric Manners Smogbusters Project Officer Queensland Conservation Council PO Box 12046 Elizabeth St Brisbane QLD 4002 Australia (166 Ann St, Old School of Arts, Level 2) Tel +61 7 3221 0188 Fax +61 7 3229 7992 Mobile 0438 603 540 Email smog@qccqld.org.au Website http://www.powerup.com.au/~qccqld/smogbusters/ REMEMBER SMOGBUSTERS DAY: 14 MARCH 2001 [The information in this email is confidential and may be legally privileged. It is intended for the recipient only. This email may contain information which represents the views and opinions of the author and so do not necessarily reflect those of QCC as an organisation.] From johnernst at asia.com Fri Feb 16 20:48:04 2001 From: johnernst at asia.com (John Ernst) Date: Fri, 16 Feb 2001 18:48:04 +0700 Subject: [sustran] Re: Information wanted: evidence of mobility impacts in developing world In-Reply-To: <200102132123.QAA26007@rotch-32.mit.edu> References: Message-ID: <4.2.2.20010216174126.00a3fc90@pop6.attglobal.net> Hi Chris, The World Bank held an Asia regional clean air workshop earlier this week in Bangkok. There was a smattering of data on air quality, some of which is fairly recent, which I include below. Note that papers were not peer-reviewed. I've selected what I perceived to be the more reliable figures (at least they specified units, monitoring periods and locations). There are more than a few consultants who have seen their data disfigured by governments, so that should also be considered. There is also plain error. The Swiss did independent monitoring in Jakarta and found the city's measurements were off by up to a factor of 5. Anyway, for what it's worth. Below is an unformatted version of what I scraped from the conference. A couple of other suggestions. Lee Schipper, at the International Energy Agency, has been trying to get good transport figures for developing countries lately. I think he mostly has just frustration to report at this stage, but it may be worth connecting with him (write me if you need his e-mail). Also, the ADB has a major clean air effort underway and they may have more figures -- particularly on economic impacts of air pollution, if that is relevant to you. Contact Mr. Cornie Huizenga I hope this helps, John ---- SOURCE: Clean Air Regional Workshop - Fighting Air Pollution: From Plan to Action. UN Conference Centre, Bangkok, Thailand. 12-14 February 2001. Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. -- Shah, Jitendra. Integrated Air Quality Management: From Plan to Action. Paper No. 6. Annual cost of congestion and air pollution in selected Asian cities (US$ million) -- Bangkok Congestion 400 Air Pollution 1300-3100 Seoul Congestion 154 Air Pollution 6154 Manila Congestion 51 Air Pollution 1800 Jakarta Congestion 68 Air Pollution 400-800 -- FU Lixin and Ying YUAN. Beijing's Recent Efforts on Reducing Motor Vehicle Emissions. Paper No. 10. Estimate that, in Beiing, 73% of ambient concentration of NOx and 84% of CO is from motor vehicles. -- Wai-chuen Mok. Hong Kong Experiencing on Fighting Smoky Diesel Vehicles. Paper No 11. Percent of particulate emissions in Hong Kong from motor vehicle sources increased from approximately 34 percent of total in 1992 to approximately 48 percent in 1998. -- Le Van Khoa. Air Quality Management in Ho Chi Minh City. Paper No. 13. Results of Roadside Air Monitoring at Hang Xanh Station in Ho Chi Minh city (annual average concentrations) CO (mg/m3) 1997 9.85 1998 6.88 1999 6.94 2000 7.99 Vietnam Standard 40 PM (mg/m3) 1997 0.55 1998 0.73 1999 0.99 2000 0.96 Vietnam Standard 0.3 Lead (microgram/m3) 1997 2.5 1998 2.5 1999 2.5 2000 2.4 Vietnam Standard 5.0 NO2 (mg/m3) 1997 0.097 1998 0.119 1999 0.122 2000 0.139 Vietnam Standard 0.4 -- Nathanon Thavisin. Management of Air Quality of Bangkok Metropolitan. "Pollution Free Road" campaign in Bangkok; informational campaign (roadside signs with occasional police enforcement to gain the "cooperation" of motorists, especially single-occupant vehicles, in not using selected roads) 24-hour average concentration PM-10 measurements in 1999 (prior to campaign) and May 2000 (after). (micrograms/cubic meter) Average of 8 roads in Bangkok 1999: 273 2000: 159 Note: legal standard in Thailand = 120 At 04:23 PM 2/13/01 -0500, P. Christopher Zegras wrote: >Dear friends, > >As part of a research initiative being undertaken here at MIT, I am looking >for recent data (city level) from the developing world and the so-called >transition economies in the following areas: > >1. Mobility benefits - travel time savings, burden alleviation, etc. related >to various mobility interventions, whether it be motorization, improved >public >transport service, improved bicycle facilities, etc. etc. > >2. Air quality - levels and causes of pollution > >3. Energy consumption - levels and causes by mode > >4. Accidents > >5. Congestion > >6. Noise - levels and causes > >7. Equity - distribution of benefits and negative impacts of mobility >interventions and mobility patterns > >8. Other effects - land consumption, barrier effect, impacts on government >resources, etc. > >9. Innovative solutions in any stage of implementation to address these >impacts. > >I am most keen on finding recent data and analysis, since much of this >type of >information is often unpublished or not widely circulated. Any leads, help, >resources would be most gratefully appreciated and the final information will >be made available to all collaborators. > >Warmest regards, > >Chris Zegras >MIT's Center for Environmental Initiatives >E40--468 >77 Massachusetts Avenue >Cambridge, MA 02139 >Tel: 617 258 6084 >Fax: 253 8013 From hduc at airmoon.epa.nsw.gov.au Tue Feb 20 09:20:10 2001 From: hduc at airmoon.epa.nsw.gov.au (Hiep Nguyen) Date: Tue, 20 Feb 2001 11:20:10 +1100 (EST) Subject: [sustran] Re: Information wanted: evidence of mobility impacts in developing world In-Reply-To: <4.2.2.20010216174126.00a3fc90@pop6.attglobal.net> Message-ID: On Fri, 16 Feb 2001, John Ernst wrote: > Hi Chris, > > The World Bank held an Asia regional clean air workshop earlier this week > in Bangkok. There was a smattering of data on air quality, some of which > is fairly recent, which I include below. Note that papers were not > peer-reviewed. I've selected what I perceived to be the more reliable > figures (at least they specified units, monitoring periods and locations). > > ..... Hello John, Thanks for the information on the recent Clean Air Workshop in Bangkok regarding data for many regional cities. Here is more recent information on data on Ho Chi Minh City from an International Clean Air Conference in Sydney, (Phung Chi Sy, Nguyen Khac Thanh, Present status and plan of air quality monitoring in Ho Chi Minh City, Proceedings of the 15th International Clean Air & Environment Conference, Sydney, 26-30 Nov. 2000, Vol. 2.) In 2000, the Department of Science, Technology and Environment (DOSTE) of HCM City has set up, for the first time, four fixed continuous monitoring stations as part of an UNDP Project (VIE/96/023) funded by the Danish Government. The four fixed continuous automatically collected for CO, NO2, particles, ozone, SO2. The result for air quality monitoring data from 5 to 11 May 2000 is shown below (range of concentration from minimum to maximum hourly value) Monitoring stations (Air pollutant concentrations (mg/m3)) (1) HCMC DOSTE Particulate Matter (PM) : 0.08-1.1 SO2 : 0.01-0.10 NO2 : 0.02-0.13 CO : 0.0-20 (2) Hong bang Secondary school, District 5 Particulate Matter (PM) : 0.08-1.06 SO2 : 0.02-0.11 NO2 : 0.03-0.14 CO : 0.0-25 (3) Thu Duc Urban Management Department Particulate Matter : 0.08-1.2 SO2 : 0.05-0.17 NO2 : 0.0-0.05 (4) Tan Son Hoa Meteorological station Particulate Matter(PM) : 0.08-1.2 NO2 : 0.0-0.07 CO : 0.0-4.0 Ozone : 0.0-0.15 Note that the standard quoted by Le Van Khoa in Bangkok Workshop is for hourly values while the given concentration values are for annual averages. So it is not a directly comparable. For example, the annual average for PM and Lead at Hang Xanh are above the WHO annual average many times. There are different standards (1 hour, daily average, 8-hour, annual). The Vietnam ambient air standard (TCVN) for 1 hour (mg/m3) are 0.3 (PM), 0.5 (SO2), 0.4 (NO2), 40 (CO), 0.2 (ozone). But for daily averages, the standard are 0.2 (PM), 0.3 (SO2), 0.1 (NO2), 0.06 (ozone). Regards, Hiep Nguyen Duc EPA, NSW > -- > Le Van Khoa. Air Quality Management in Ho Chi Minh City. Paper No. 13. > > Results of Roadside Air Monitoring at Hang Xanh Station in Ho Chi Minh > city (annual average concentrations) > > CO (mg/m3) > 1997 9.85 > 1998 6.88 > 1999 6.94 > 2000 7.99 > Vietnam Standard 40 > > PM (mg/m3) > 1997 0.55 > 1998 0.73 > 1999 0.99 > 2000 0.96 > Vietnam Standard 0.3 > > Lead (microgram/m3) > 1997 2.5 > 1998 2.5 > 1999 2.5 > 2000 2.4 > Vietnam Standard 5.0 > > NO2 (mg/m3) > 1997 0.097 > 1998 0.119 > 1999 0.122 > 2000 0.139 > Vietnam Standard 0.4 > > -- From paul at swisscontact.or.id Tue Feb 20 17:00:42 2001 From: paul at swisscontact.or.id (Paul) Date: Tue, 20 Feb 2001 08:00:42 -0000 Subject: [sustran] EMission data on type approval Message-ID: <01C09B13.393F5670.paul@swisscontact.or.id> I am asked by one of our partners in Jakarta about vehicle emission data, which undergo type approval test, from various countries. He needs this data for a presentation on 26 February 2001. Does someone have such data? I would be very glad, if someone can send me such data. Thank you and regards Paul Butarbutar Clean Air Project Jakarta of Swisscontact Jl. Wijaya XII No. 44, Kebayoran baru Jakarta Selatan 12160 Tel. 021 739 4041/ Fax. 021 722 3037 e-mail: paul@swisscontact.or.id From pascal at gn.apc.org Fri Feb 23 05:20:37 2001 From: pascal at gn.apc.org (Pascal Desmond) Date: Thu, 22 Feb 2001 20:20:37 +0000 Subject: [sustran] World Transport Policy & Practice -- quarterly announcement Message-ID: <200102222116.GAA13022@mail.jca.apc.org> World Transport Policy & Practice, a quarterly journal edited by John Whitelegg, is available free of charge as Adobe Acrobat? PDF files on the internet at [http://www.ecoplan.org/wtpp/wt_index.htm]. This will help it to reach a wider readership, encompassing advocates and activists as well as academics and advisers. Please advise [mailto:pascal@gn.apc.org] if you no longer wish to receive these quarterly announcements. We have just placed Volume 6, Number 4, 2000 as a 383 kB PDF file on the internet at [http://www.ecoplan.org/wtpp/wt_index.htm]. You are welcome to browse the site for other back issues such as our special issue [Volume 3, Number 3] on transport in Calcutta. However, beware as this is a 1.2 MB PDF file. Contents of Volume 6, Number 4, 2000: Editorial John Whitelegg The outside world as a learning environment: Perspectives from child-oriented town planning Helmut Holzapfel Modal Practices: From the rationales behind car & public transport use to coherent transport policies Case studies in France & Switzerland Vincent Kaufmann Demand characteristics & co-operation strategies for the bicycle & railway transport chain Tilman Bracher B?rgerbahn statt B?rsenbahn?? ?ber den Bankrott der Verkehrspolitik Johannes Hauber, Andreas Kleber, Heiner Monheim, J?rgen Rochlitz & Winfried Wolf Sustainable Mobility: How to move more goods from road to rail?? a comparison of Germany & Britain Holger Dalkmann Book Review Author & Title Index to Volume 6, 2000 If you have difficulty in downloading the file, please contact [mailto:eric.britton@ecoplan.org] World Transport Policy & Practice ISSN 1352-7614 Eco-Logica Ltd., 53 Derwent Road, LANCASTER, LA1 3ES. U.K. telephone +44 1524 63175 fax +44 1524 848340 Editor: Professor John Whitelegg [mailto:ecologic@gn.apc.org] Business Manager: Pascal Desmond [mailto:pascal@gn.apc.org] http://www.ecoplan.org/wtpp/wt_index.htm