<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 12 (filtered medium)"> <style>  </style>  </head> <body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple> <div class=Section1> Hi Carlos Sudhir and others,<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> If you have a look at page 37, table 5 of the Mayor’s Air Quality Strategy for London it gives you the emissions of different pollutants from cars, buses, taxis and coaches.  This gives per passenger kilometer figures and for SO2 and PM10 they don’t look good.    <o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> On the emissions of CO2, I remember reading one of the Mayor’s reports and being very shocked to find that actual energy consumption of buses was only a little better than half that of cars.  As I understand it, to have a decent bus network one needs to run it out of peak periods when loading factors fall and fuel consumption per passenger rises.  For this reason the bus network in London requires financial subsidies of 1 billion pounds a year to keep running.  It is an excellent network and we pay for it with $ and energy.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> Now in cities like Delhi you don’t yet have a public transport network that many with a choice of private, motorized transport would opt to use, so the figures that we quote on fuel efficiency NOW are not those that will exist with an improved network.  Why?  To get motorcyclists and car users to switch in future, or at least stay on the bus, even WITH very strong demand management measures and low fares, we’ll need to increase frequency, add A/C in some cases, bring down the ‘crush factor’ and widen geographical scope, all of which will inevitably result in more energy consumed per passenger.  It’s hard to disagree with this line of thinking without adopting one standard of public transport comfort for ‘the West’ and one for the developing world.<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> That’s why I think land use controls, the bicycle and rickshaw have key (but not exclusive) roles to play in tackling climate change in the urban transport sector.    <o:p></o:p>   <o:p></o:p> Simon<o:p></o:p> <o:p> </o:p> <div> <div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'> From: Carlosfelipe Pardo [mailto:carlosfpardo@gmail.com] Sent: Monday, June 15, 2009 1:42 PM To: Simon Bishop Subject: Re: [sustran] Re: Sustran-discuss Digest, Vol 70, Issue 12<o:p></o:p> </div> </div> <o:p> </o:p> Simon, is your data assuming emissions and expenditure per vehicle or per passenger? I'd be thankful if you can clarify. Thanks! Carlos. Simon Bishop wrote: <o:p></o:p> <pre>Like Carlos I am skeptical of this announcement.  From where I'm sitting in Delhi there is a tendency to see 'public transport', and by that I mean motorized and electrified, through rose tinted glasses as if it is 'the' solution to growing automobile use.  A huge amount of emphasis is put on the Metro and now BRT as ways to solve congestion (never mind about all the other externalities).  Bicycles and legs are ignored despite holding a huge modal share.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>I think it was the Indian economist Dasgupta who showed that you could make public transport free in the UK and still only effect a very small shift to it from the car (6%).  The fact is that cars are damn convenient and people will use them unless they are literally prized away from doing so.  The vast majority of people use public transport in London and NY because they have to, and parking control is the main mechanism.  I hope that Beijing's approach will witness parking restraint and pricing as a lynchpin of its policy, otherwise it will be a funding drain and a white elephant.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>The rose tinted spectacles also ignore the role of cycling as better and faster than the bus over short to medium distances.  Why swap a more convenient form of transport for a less convenient one?  The only thing that can compete with the car over these distances is the bicycle (and motorcycle, which should also be deterred for safety reasons).<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>In terms of our greatest challenge, global warming I am perturbed.  Where you have quality bus systems (with good timetables in the off peak and feeder services) they consume amounts of per capita energy rivaling that of the car.  Quoting London again, the average actual CO2 emissions of a bus is 40% that of a car, PM10 emissions are 3 times and SO2 emissions 25 times greater - that's not much of an improvement.  In Taipei, taking account of door to door emissions, the Metro actually consumes more energy than a car!  This should not be construed as an argument AGAINST public transport, particularly buses, after all the more of us that use them the better, and there will always be a need for those who cannot cycle or walk, but it IS an argument for Beijing to prioritize Travel Demand Management/Walking/Cycling/Land Use Planning as the key policy to follow.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>-----Original Message-----<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>From: <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss-bounces+simon.bishop=dimts.in@list.jca.apc.org">sustran-discuss-bounces+simon.bishop=dimts.in@list.jca.apc.org</a> [<a href="mailto:sustran-discuss-bounces+simon.bishop=dimts.in@list.jca.apc.org">mailto:sustran-discuss-bounces+simon.bishop=dimts.in@list.jca.apc.org</a>] On Behalf Of <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss-request@list.jca.apc.org">sustran-discuss-request@list.jca.apc.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Sent: Sunday, June 14, 2009 8:31 AM<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>To: <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org">sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Subject: Sustran-discuss Digest, Vol 70, Issue 12<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Send Sustran-discuss mailing list submissions to<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org">sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        <a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss">http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss-request@list.jca.apc.org">sustran-discuss-request@list.jca.apc.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>You can reach the person managing the list at<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss-owner@list.jca.apc.org">sustran-discuss-owner@list.jca.apc.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific than<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>"Re: Contents of Sustran-discuss digest..."<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>########################################################################<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Sustran-discuss Mailing List Digest<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>IMPORTANT NOTE: When replying please do not include the whole digest in your reply - just include the relevant part of the specific message that you are responding to. Many thanks.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>About this mailing list see:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>    <a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss">http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>########################################################################<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Today's Topics:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>   1. Re: Beijing to build "public transport city" (Carlosfelipe Pardo)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>   2. Re: Beijing to build "public transport city" + Charter of<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>      Brussels (Todd Edelman, Green Idea Factory)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>   3. Re: Beijing to build "public transport city" (Sudhir)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>----------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Message: 1<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2009 13:15:28 +0100<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>From: Carlosfelipe Pardo <a href="mailto:carlosfpardo@gmail.com"><carlosfpardo@gmail.com></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Subject: [sustran] Re: Beijing to build "public transport city"<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>To: Sudhir <a href="mailto:sudhir@cai-asia.org"><sudhir@cai-asia.org></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Cc: Global 'South' Sustainable Transport<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org"><sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Message-ID: <a href="mailto:4A339860.8050202@gmail.com"><4A339860.8050202@gmail.com></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Hi,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>An interesting question is if they in Beijing expect the future public<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport users to come from cars or bicycles... this is seldom answered<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>(or asked) in any of these schemes and remains a problem. In many places<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>I've asked that question and they normally say that future bicycle users<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>will come from public transport, or the opposite. And when they say that<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>bicycle or public transport users will come from cars, they have no idea<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>how this will be achieved.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing used to have an extremely high mode share of bicycle use some<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>years ago, and it has now fallen to pieces due to the "promotion" of<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>cars. So is promoting public transport good or bad in this scenario? I<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>mean, will they end up with no one riding bicycles and the rest in cars<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>or buses? Not sure if it's the win-win situation.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Carlos.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Sudhir wrote:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>  <o:p></o:p></pre> <blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><pre>/Beijing has set a target, how about other cities??/<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>see <a href="http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm">http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing will transform into a "public transport city" by 2015. In peak<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>hours, the minimum departure interval for subway trains will be<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>shortened to 2 minutes; the waiting time at bus stops will be reduced<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>to 3 to 5 minutes; public transport will account for 45 percent of the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>journeys in downtown areas. "Beijing's implementation plan on<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>humanistic, technological and green transport" (from 2009 to 2015) was<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>recently reviewed and approved by the Standing Committee of CPC<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Beijing Municipal Committee, unveiling the "public transport city".<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing will transform into a "public transport city" by 2015.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre> Public transport will account for 45 percent of the journeys in<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>downtown areas<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>According to the plan, from 2009 to 2015, Beijing will construct a new<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport system meeting the capital city's needs for development, by<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>implementing four major projects including rail transit network project.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>By then, the public transport will become remarkably more attractive.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Public transport will account for 45 percent of the journeys in<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>downtown areas, while over 50 percent of the journeys will be via<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>public transport during the commuting period. Rail transit will<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>undertake around 50 percent of total passenger traffic of public<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport, and the average daily passenger flow by rail transit and<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>bus combined will be over 25 million; building a transport circle of<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>"1-1-2" hours means that the average commuting time within the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>downtown area will be no more than 1 hour, the travel time from the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>furthest new towns to the Fifth Ring Road will be no more than 1 hour,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>and the travel time from Beijing to major cities in the Bohai Bay Rim<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>economic region will be less than 2 hours. The total amount of major<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>pollutants emitted by vehicles will be lower than that in 2008. Read<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>More @<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm">http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Sudhir Gota<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Transport Specialist<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>CAI-Asia Center<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Unit 3510, 35th Floor, Robinsons-Equitable Tower,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>ADB Avenue, Ortigas Center, Pasig City<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Metro Manila, Philippines 1605<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Tel: +63-2-395-2843<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Fax: +63-2-395-2846<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia">http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Skype : sudhirgota<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>To search the archives of sustran-discuss visit<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss">http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>If you get sustran-discuss via YAHOOGROUPS, please go to <a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss">http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss</a> to join the real sustran-discuss and get full membership rights.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>================================================================<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>SUSTRAN-DISCUSS is a forum devoted to discussion of people-centred, equitable and sustainable transport with a focus on developing countries (the 'Global South').<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>    <o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote> <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Message: 2<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2009 17:09:26 +0200<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>From: "Todd Edelman, Green Idea Factory" <a href="mailto:edelman@greenidea.eu"><edelman@greenidea.eu></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Subject: [sustran] Re: Beijing to build "public transport city" +<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        Charter of      Brussels<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>To: Global 'South' Sustainable Transport<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org"><sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Message-ID: <a href="mailto:4A33C126.3040105@greenidea.eu"><4A33C126.3040105@greenidea.eu></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>re:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm"><http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>YES, thanks, Carlos... that story could have said instead  "Beijing aims<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>for no more than 50% automobile modal share!" -- with little cycling or<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>even walking mentioned its a half-empty cup.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>This cycling or PT modal share thing is too simplistic, its not keeping<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>up with development, nor language... to refer to the theme of a sister<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>List, I think it's an Old Mobility way of talking about transport..<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Many cities in Europe have a very high modal share of public transport<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>(Around 40% in Prague) or cycling  (About 30 to 35% in Amsterdam and<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Copenhagen) but which cities have BOTH at those levels... and thus a<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>very low private automobile modal share? And how about in some<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>developing cities outside of Europe, where a lot of people can afford a car?<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>And now the flip side...<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>With a Europe-based mobility consultant I was discussing the "Charter of<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Brussels"  launched at the recent Velo-City<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.velo-city2009.com/charter-brussels.html"><http://www.velo-city2009.com/charter-brussels.html></a> +<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.velo-city2009.com/assets/files/VC09-charter-of-brussels.pdf"><http://www.velo-city2009.com/assets/files/VC09-charter-of-brussels.pdf></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>which has one of its main features a commitment for cities which sign it<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>to set a goal of a 15% modal share of cycling (or higher if that share<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>is already achieved) by 2020.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>The Charter makes no mention of where these cyclists will come from and<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>in fact at best only mentions public transport as one of several "other<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>stakeholders".<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>In a city with development policies, a commercial real estate industry<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>and consumer behaviour which creates large - though still not<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>peripheral  - shopping centres at the expense of highly distributed<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>small stores, an increase of cycling could simply come at the decrease<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>of walking. No achievement at all unless you are trying to sell bikes or<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>get people used to moving faster. Sure, this is an extreme case.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>The consultant suggested  to me - something I would call Newer Mobility<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>if not quite a totally un-Old Mobility way of thinking  - that better<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>would be to set a decreasing automobile modal share as the main goal.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>This would tend to create a joint project of walking, cycling, public<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport AND dense urban planning actors - and together they could try<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>to agree on goals for an increasing, composite, non-private automobile<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>modal share which everyone would be happy with. Which cities or regions<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>are already doing this?<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Regards,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Todd Edelman,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Green Idea Factory,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Ex-Prussia and Occupied Mexico<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Carlosfelipe Pardo wrote:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>  <o:p></o:p></pre> <blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><pre>Hi,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>An interesting question is if they in Beijing expect the future public<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport users to come from cars or bicycles... this is seldom answered<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>(or asked) in any of these schemes and remains a problem. In many places<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>I've asked that question and they normally say that future bicycle users<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>will come from public transport, or the opposite. And when they say that<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>bicycle or public transport users will come from cars, they have no idea<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>how this will be achieved.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing used to have an extremely high mode share of bicycle use some<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>years ago, and it has now fallen to pieces due to the "promotion" of<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>cars. So is promoting public transport good or bad in this scenario? I<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>mean, will they end up with no one riding bicycles and the rest in cars<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>or buses? Not sure if it's the win-win situation.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Carlos.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Sudhir wrote:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>    <o:p></o:p></pre> <blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><pre>/Beijing has set a target, how about other cities??/<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>see <a href="http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm">http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing will transform into a "public transport city" by 2015. In peak<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>hours, the minimum departure interval for subway trains will be<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>shortened to 2 minutes; the waiting time at bus stops will be reduced<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>to 3 to 5 minutes; public transport will account for 45 percent of the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>journeys in downtown areas. "Beijing's implementation plan on<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>humanistic, technological and green transport" (from 2009 to 2015) was<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>recently reviewed and approved by the Standing Committee of CPC<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Beijing Municipal Committee, unveiling the "public transport city".<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing will transform into a "public transport city" by 2015.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre> Public transport will account for 45 percent of the journeys in<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>downtown areas<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>According to the plan, from 2009 to 2015, Beijing will construct a new<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport system meeting the capital city's needs for development, by<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>implementing four major projects including rail transit network project.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>By then, the public transport will become remarkably more attractive.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Public transport will account for 45 percent of the journeys in<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>downtown areas, while over 50 percent of the journeys will be via<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>public transport during the commuting period. Rail transit will<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>undertake around 50 percent of total passenger traffic of public<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport, and the average daily passenger flow by rail transit and<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>bus combined will be over 25 million; building a transport circle of<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>"1-1-2" hours means that the average commuting time within the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>downtown area will be no more than 1 hour, the travel time from the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>furthest new towns to the Fifth Ring Road will be no more than 1 hour,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>and the travel time from Beijing to major cities in the Bohai Bay Rim<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>economic region will be less than 2 hours. The total amount of major<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>pollutants emitted by vehicles will be lower than that in 2008. Read<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>More @<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm">http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Sudhir Gota<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Transport Specialist<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>CAI-Asia Center<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Unit 3510, 35th Floor, Robinsons-Equitable Tower,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>ADB Avenue, Ortigas Center, Pasig City<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Metro Manila, Philippines 1605<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Tel: +63-2-395-2843<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Fax: +63-2-395-2846<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia">http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Skype : sudhirgota<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>To search the archives of sustran-discuss visit<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss">http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>If you get sustran-discuss via YAHOOGROUPS, please go to <a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss">http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss</a> to join the real sustran-discuss and get full membership rights.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>================================================================<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>SUSTRAN-DISCUSS is a forum devoted to discussion of people-centred, equitable and sustainable transport with a focus on developing countries (the 'Global South').<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>      <o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote> <pre>--------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>To search the archives of sustran-discuss visit<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss">http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>If you get sustran-discuss via YAHOOGROUPS, please go to <a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss">http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss</a> to join the real sustran-discuss and get full membership rights.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>================================================================<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>SUSTRAN-DISCUSS is a forum devoted to discussion of people-centred, equitable and sustainable transport with a focus on developing countries (the 'Global South').<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>    <o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote> <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>--------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Todd Edelman<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Green Idea Factory<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Urbanstr. 45<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>D-10967 Berlin<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Germany<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Skype: toddedelman<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Mobile: ++49 0162 814 4081<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Home/Office: ++49 030 7554 0001<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><a href="mailto:edelman@greenidea.eu">edelman@greenidea.eu</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.greenidea.eu">www.greenidea.eu</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.facebook.com/toddedelman">www.facebook.com/toddedelman</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/edelman">www.flickr.com/photos/edelman</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>CAR is over. If you want it.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>"Fort mit der Autostadt und was Neues hingebaut!"<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>- B. Brecht (with slight modification)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>-------------- next part --------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>An HTML attachment was scrubbed...<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>URL: <a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/public/sustran-discuss/attachments/20090613/764d6a27/attachment-0001.html">http://list.jca.apc.org/public/sustran-discuss/attachments/20090613/764d6a27/attachment-0001.html</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Message: 3<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2009 10:44:24 +0800<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>From: Sudhir <a href="mailto:sudhir@cai-asia.org"><sudhir@cai-asia.org></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Subject: [sustran] Re: Beijing to build "public transport city"<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>To: Carlosfelipe Pardo <a href="mailto:carlosfpardo@gmail.com"><carlosfpardo@gmail.com></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Cc: Global 'South' Sustainable Transport<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        <a href="mailto:sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org"><sustran-discuss@list.jca.apc.org></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Message-ID:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>        <a href="mailto:ef31aa130906131944k7f26142fwbc4e37174e57f317@mail.gmail.com"><ef31aa130906131944k7f26142fwbc4e37174e57f317@mail.gmail.com></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Hi Carlos and others,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Good news is instead of one more ring road at least the investment and<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>priority is on public transport.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Now, if they keep up the funding on public transport with good investment on<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>non motorized transport and provide incentives, i think its a very good<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>move......<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>The question is how much of private transport share is bearable? i would be<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>happy with 20-25% of private mode share in Asian cities with proportionate<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>investment in 2020.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>In short if they can freeze the current mode share of private automobiles<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>(20% in 2004) :-)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>best regards<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Sudhir<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>2009/6/13 Carlosfelipe Pardo <a href="mailto:carlosfpardo@gmail.com"><carlosfpardo@gmail.com></a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>  <o:p></o:p></pre> <blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><pre>Hi,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>An interesting question is if they in Beijing expect the future public<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport users to come from cars or bicycles... this is seldom answered (or<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>asked) in any of these schemes and remains a problem. In many places I've<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>asked that question and they normally say that future bicycle users will<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>come from public transport, or the opposite. And when they say that bicycle<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>or public transport users will come from cars, they have no idea how this<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>will be achieved.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing used to have an extremely high mode share of bicycle use some years<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>ago, and it has now fallen to pieces due to the "promotion" of cars. So is<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>promoting public transport good or bad in this scenario? I mean, will they<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>end up with no one riding bicycles and the rest in cars or buses? Not sure<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>if it's the win-win situation.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Carlos.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Sudhir wrote:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>    <o:p></o:p></pre> <blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><pre>/Beijing has set a target, how about other cities??/<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>see<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm">http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing will transform into a "public transport city" by 2015. In peak<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>hours, the minimum departure interval for subway trains will be shortened to<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>2 minutes; the waiting time at bus stops will be reduced to 3 to 5 minutes;<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>public transport will account for 45 percent of the journeys in downtown<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>areas. "Beijing's implementation plan on humanistic, technological and green<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport" (from 2009 to 2015) was recently reviewed and approved by the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Standing Committee of CPC Beijing Municipal Committee, unveiling the "public<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport city".<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Beijing will transform into a "public transport city" by 2015.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre> Public transport will account for 45 percent of the journeys in downtown<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>areas<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>According to the plan, from 2009 to 2015, Beijing will construct a new<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>transport system meeting the capital city's needs for development, by<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>implementing four major projects including rail transit network project.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>By then, the public transport will become remarkably more attractive.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Public transport will account for 45 percent of the journeys in downtown<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>areas, while over 50 percent of the journeys will be via public transport<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>during the commuting period. Rail transit will undertake around 50 percent<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>of total passenger traffic of public transport, and the average daily<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>passenger flow by rail transit and bus combined will be over 25 million;<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>building a transport circle of "1-1-2" hours means that the average<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>commuting time within the downtown area will be no more than 1 hour, the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>travel time from the furthest new towns to the Fifth Ring Road will be no<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>more than 1 hour, and the travel time from Beijing to major cities in the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Bohai Bay Rim economic region will be less than 2 hours. The total amount of<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>major pollutants emitted by vehicles will be lower than that in 2008. Read<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>More @<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm">http://www.beijingdaily.com.cn/beijingnews/200906/t20090612_524515.htm</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Sudhir Gota<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Transport Specialist<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>CAI-Asia Center<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Unit 3510, 35th Floor, Robinsons-Equitable Tower,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>ADB Avenue, Ortigas Center, Pasig City<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Metro Manila, Philippines 1605<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Tel: +63-2-395-2843<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Fax: +63-2-395-2846<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia">http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Skype : sudhirgota<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>-------------------------------------------------------- To search the<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>archives of sustran-discuss visit<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss">http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>-------------------------------------------------------- If you get<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>sustran-discuss via YAHOOGROUPS, please go to<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss">http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss</a> to join the real<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>sustran-discuss and get full membership rights.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>================================================================<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>SUSTRAN-DISCUSS is a forum devoted to discussion of people-centred,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>equitable and sustainable transport with a focus on developing countries<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>(the 'Global South').<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>      <o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote> </blockquote> <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>--<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Sudhir Gota<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Transport Specialist<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>CAI-Asia Center<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Unit 3510, 35th Floor, Robinsons-Equitable Tower,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>ADB Avenue, Ortigas Center, Pasig City<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Metro Manila, Philippines 1605<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Tel: +63-2-395-2843<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Fax: +63-2-395-2846<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia">http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Skype : sudhirgota<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>-------------- next part --------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>An HTML attachment was scrubbed...<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>URL: <a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/public/sustran-discuss/attachments/20090614/dab7b88a/attachment-0001.html">http://list.jca.apc.org/public/sustran-discuss/attachments/20090614/dab7b88a/attachment-0001.html</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>================================================================<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>SUSTRAN-DISCUSS is a forum devoted to discussion of people-centred, equitable and sustainable transport with a focus on developing countries (the 'Global South').<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>End of Sustran-discuss Digest, Vol 70, Issue 12<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>***********************************************<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>-------------------------------------------------------- <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>To search the archives of sustran-discuss visit<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss">http://www.google.com/coop/cse?cx=014715651517519735401:ijjtzwbu_ss</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>-------------------------------------------------------- <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>If you get sustran-discuss via YAHOOGROUPS, please go to <a href="http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss">http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss</a> to join the real sustran-discuss and get full membership rights.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>================================================================<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>SUSTRAN-DISCUSS is a forum devoted to discussion of people-centred, equitable and sustainable transport with a focus on developing countries (the 'Global South'). <o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>  <o:p></o:p></pre></div> </body> </html>