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Hi, <br>
<br>
Some thoughts below.<br>
<br>
Carlos F. Pardo SUTP wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid46115698.7010304@sutp.org" type="cite">
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-------- Original Message --------
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<td>Busways unblock crowded cities</td>
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<td>Mon, 02 Apr 2007 14:10:36 -0500</td>
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<th align="right" nowrap="nowrap" valign="baseline">From: </th>
<td>Arturo Ardila Gomez<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">Apr 2nd 2007<br>
>From Economist.com<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span
style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">Busways
unblock crowded cities <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">EVEN by Asian
capitals’ standards <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Jakarta</st1:place></st1:City>
has terrible
traffic and feeble public transport. There is no metro, and, as for the
monorail that has been “under construction” for years, all that can be
seen is
a row of rusting stumps alongside the parliament.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">But things are
improving. A big extension of the
city’s busway network was opened in January. Fleets of new buses zip
along
exclusive lanes carved out of arterial roads. Four new busways have
been added
to a first that opened three years ago. The city authorities hope to
raise the
total to 15.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">For anyone used
to creaky Indonesian public
transport, a ride along busway route one is a novelty. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">As the clean,
air-conditioned buses sweep down
from <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Kota</st1:place></st1:City>
railway station past the president’s office, <st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address
w:st="on">Independence Square</st1:address></st1:Street> and the
stockmarket,
nothing gets in their way. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">Other traffic
rules are generally ignored in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Jakarta</st1:place></st1:City>,
but the
exclusivity of the bus lanes is sacrosanct. To keep the system moving,
fearsomely efficient conductors shove passengers on and off at the
stops.</span></p>
</blockquote>
ARE people getting better at moving off or into the buses, or will this
shoving thing go on forever?<br>
<br>
<blockquote cite="mid46115698.7010304@sutp.org" type="cite">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">Busways are not
so new: Runcorn New Town, in
north-west <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">England</st1:place></st1:country-region>,
was built around one, which opened in 1971. But they seem to be
enjoying a
worldwide revival. <st1:country-region w:st="on">Brazil</st1:country-region>’s
largest city, <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">São Paulo</st1:place></st1:City>,
opened its long-delayed busway, Expresso Tiradentes, in March. Work
began
recently on busways in <st1:City w:st="on">Bangkok</st1:City> and in <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Cambridge</st1:City>, <st1:country-region
w:st="on">England</st1:country-region></st1:place>.
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Brisbane</st1:City></st1:place>
says its
busway construction is six months ahead of schedule.</span></p>
</blockquote>
I AM confused. Is there a difference between a "busway" and BRT?
Interesting that none of the more famous BRTs were mentioned..<br>
<br>
<blockquote cite="mid46115698.7010304@sutp.org" type="cite">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">The environmental
case for buses, especially
running uninterrupted along exclusive lanes, is strong. A
diesel-fuelled bus
emits one-tenth of the greenhouse gases per passenger-kilometre that a
diesel
car does (see chart). The economic arguments are promising too: busways
can be
cheaper and quicker to build than metro systems, and running costs are
comparable.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">AFP</span><span
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style='width:416.25pt;height:225pt'>
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o:href="http://www.economist.com/images/columns/2007w13/emissions.jpg"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img
src="cid:part2.05070306.06030709@greenidea.info" alt=" " title=""
v:shapes="_x0000_i1026" height="300" width="555"></span></p>
</blockquote>
Did AFP self-select this information, or does ITDP intentionally omit
rail-systems from this comparison of all urban modes? Diesel and CNG
buses of the same size create the same CO2?<br>
<br>
<blockquote cite="mid46115698.7010304@sutp.org" type="cite">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><!--[endif]--></span><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">However, they
need streets broad enough to
accommodate extra, bus-only lanes, ideally with few crossings. Even
where this
is the case, as in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Jakarta</st1:place></st1:City>,
construction may mean ripping up central reservations—often among the
few bits
of greenery in a concrete jungle. Where there is no room at street
level,
elevated busways can be built, as in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">São Paulo</st1:place></st1:City>. But this adds greatly to
the cost and the
visual pollution.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">The relatively
low cost of busways does not
exempt them from the usual rows over who pays. On March 26th property
developers in the suburbs of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Auckland</st1:City>,
<st1:country-region w:st="on">New Zealand</st1:country-region></st1:place>,
won a court ruling that they had been overcharged for their share of a
new
busway’s costs. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">As with other
transport systems, demand can be
hard to predict. <st1:City w:st="on">São Paulo</st1:City>’s new bus
system, and
another just opened in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Santiago</st1:City>,
<st1:country-region w:st="on">Chile</st1:country-region></st1:place>,
have had
chaotic starts, as passenger numbers have greatly exceeded
expectations. Does
this mean that everyone is abandoning their cars? No, alas. As with
road-building, improving bus services often creates much new demand. A
study of
<st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Jakarta</st1:place></st1:City>’s
first
busway route found that only 14% of passengers were former car users.</span></p>
</blockquote>
WHERE did the other 86% come from?<br>
<br>
<blockquote cite="mid46115698.7010304@sutp.org" type="cite">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">Though the <st1:City
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Jakarta</st1:place></st1:City>
busway gets packed at peak hours, many passengers prefer to save money
by
taking the smoky old boneshakers which still run alongside in the
ordinary
traffic lanes. A quick and—one might think—easy way to cut emissions
would be
to replace these with new buses, which are far cleaner and more
fuel-efficient.
<st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">São Paulo</st1:place></st1:City>’s
city government is replacing its ordinary buses with ones which emit
43% less
carbon dioxide and 72% less particulates.</span></p>
</blockquote>
HOW common is this set up? <br>
<blockquote cite="mid46115698.7010304@sutp.org" type="cite">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US">However,
procurement, even of something as
simple as new buses, is not a strong point in many developing
countries. The
problem is exacerbated when the existing buses are owned or operated by
private
firms, which can form a powerful local lobby and a tough negotiating
adversary
in cost-sharing deals. As with so many environmentally sensible ideas,
the
science and economics of shifting passengers on to clean, new buses is
far
simpler than the politics.</span></p>
</blockquote>
Thanks,<br>
T<br>
<blockquote cite="mid46115698.7010304@sutp.org" type="cite">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span
style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
Carlos F. Pardo
Coordinador de Proyecto- Project Coordinator
GTZ - Proyecto de Transporte Sostenible (SUTP, SUTP-LAC)
Cl 93A # 14-17 of 708
Bogotá D.C., Colombia
Tel/fax: +57 (1) 236 2309 Mobile: +57 (3) 15 296 0662
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:carlos.pardo@sutp.org">carlos.pardo@sutp.org</a> <a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.sutp.org">www.sutp.org</a> </pre>
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