[sustran] Re: Is TDM avoid or shift?

[Bongardt, Daniel GIZ CN]

Dear Carlos, all

I think Lloyd is completely right. The answer is also related to the fact that distinguishing "avoid" and "shift" is due to fact that the ASI approach is linked to reducing impacts of transport which either results from "reducing distances" or "using more (energy)efficient modes" for the same distance. Both results in lower environmental impacts.

But I am convinced that when looking at measures, we can only distinguish clearly strategies that aim to influence "travel behavior" (Avoid/shift) or "technology" (Improve). All strategies related to travel behavior have some impacts on distances travelled and some on efficient modes.

I think one measure that all of us would relate to the category of "shift" measures immediately is the "extension/improvement of public transport networks". However, this always causes negative effects in terms of "avoid", i.e. more people will travel longer distances (rebound effect) due to the better service. So shift measures can induce transport but the overall eco-balance still might be positive due to the shift effects.

I think in our policy handbook "low carbon land transport", published earlier this year (www.routledge.com/books/details/9781849713771/), we nicely describe the effect of a number of measures and also potential rebounds that are related to this.

Best wishes
Daniel



-----Original Message-----
From: sustran-discuss-bounces+daniel.bongardt=gtz.de at list.jca.apc.org [mailto:sustran-discuss-bounces+daniel.bongardt=gtz.de at list.jca.apc.org] On Behalf Of Lloyd Wright
Sent: 30 October, 2013 08:49
To: 'Carlosfelipe Pardo'; 'Global 'South' Sustainable Transport'
Subject: [sustran] Re: Is TDM avoid or shift?

Dear Carlos,

As you see from the discussion, the answer in part depends on how one defines TDM.

However, if one confined the discussion to interventions that are most typically associated with TDM (e.g. congestion charging, parking fees, parking management, vehicle quotas, license plate restrictions, etc.), then I would suggest the predominate impact is shift (at least in the short and medium term).  Of course, there can also be some "avoid" impact in the long term.

For example, if a city imposes a parking levy, then the most likely short and medium term outcome would be a change in travel behavior in terms of mode choice.  A person is more likely to shift to another mode rather than giving up going to work or school altogether (e.g. shifting from driving to public transport).  In the longer term, though, it is possible that the person will make a locational change which reduces the distance traveled (e.g. moving closer to work or school), which would represent "avoid".  This would also result in a "shift" since the new location may allow the person to shift to walking.

Best regards,

Lloyd

-----Original Message-----
From: sustran-discuss-bounces+lwright=vivacities.org at list.jca.apc.org
[mailto:sustran-discuss-bounces+lwright=vivacities.org at list.jca.apc.org] On Behalf Of Carlosfelipe Pardo
Sent: 29 October 2013 22:44
To: Global 'South' Sustainable Transport
Subject: [sustran] Is TDM avoid or shift?

Ok, probably this has been discussed before, but I'd like to pose the question to see people's views:

Under the ASI (avoid shift improve) approach, is TDM avoid or shift? Or both?

Happy to hear everyone's views. I say shift!

Carlos.
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