[sustran] Re: Relationship between Metro Projects and Urban Road Safety

Todd Alexander Litman litman at vtpi.org
Tue Dec 27 11:35:20 JST 2011


For information on the safety and health benefits of smart growth, urban
locations and more multi-modal transportation systems see:

Reid Ewing, Richard A. Schieber, Charles V. Zegeer (2003), "Urban Sprawl As
A Risk Factor In Motor Vehicle Occupant And Pedestrian Fatalities," American
Journal of Public Health, Vol. 93, No. 9 (www.ajph.org), Sept. 2003, pp.
1541-1545.

Reid Ewing and Eric Dumbaugh (2009), "The Built Environment and Traffic
Safety: A Review of Empirical Evidence," Journal of Planning Literature,
Vol. 23 No. 4, May 2009, pp. 347-367; at
http://jpl.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/23/4/347.

Todd Litman (2009), "Transportation Policy and Injury Control," Injury
Prevention, Vol. 15, Issue 6
(http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/content/15/6/362.full); at
www.vtpi.org/tpic.pdf.

Todd Litman (2010), "Evaluating Public Transportation Health Benefits,"
American Public Transportation Association (www.apta.com); at
www.vtpi.org/tran_health.pdf. 

Todd Litman (2011), "Pricing For Traffic Safety: How Efficient Transport
Pricing Can Reduce Roadway Crash Risk," Victoria Transport Policy Institute
(www.vtpi.org); at www.vtpi.org/price_safe.pdf.

Todd Litman and Steven Fitzroy (2005), "Safe Travels: Evaluating Mobility
Management Traffic Safety Impacts," VTPI (www.vtpi.org); at
www.vtpi.org/safetrav.pdf. 

Gordon Lovegrove and Todd Litman (2008), "Macrolevel Collision Prediction
Models to Evaluate Road Safety Effects of Mobility Management Strategies:
New Empirical Tools to Promote Sustainable Development," Transportation
Research Board 87th Annual Meeting (www.trb.org); at
www.vtpi.org/lovegrove_litman.pdf. 

William Lucy (2002), "Danger in Exurbia: Outer Suburbs More Dangerous Than
Cities," University of Virginia (www.virginia.edu); summarized in
www.virginia.edu/topnews/releases2002/lucy-april-30-2002.html

William H. Lucy (2003), "Mortality Risk Associated With Leaving Home:
Recognizing the Relevance of the Built Environment," American Journal of
Public Health (www.ajph.org), Vol. 93, No. 9, September, pp. 1564-1569; at
www.ajph.org/cgi/content/full/93/9/1564.

WHO (2011), "Health Co-Benefits Of Climate Change Mitigation - Transport
Sector: Health In The Green Economy," Health Impact Assessment, World Health
Organization (www.who.int/hia); at
www.who.int/hia/examples/trspt_comms/transport_sector_health_co-benefits_cli
mate_change_mitigation/en/index.html.


There are a number of factors to be aware of when evaluating these issues:

* When countries develop from very poor to medium incomes, per captia crash
rates tend to decline while vehicle ownership increases. Only when you
compare cities or countries of comparable wealth does it become clear that
areas with higher per capita vehicle travel tend to have higher per captia
crash rates.

* Traffic safety experts tend to measure risk based on distance traveled
(per hundred-million or billion vehicle-kilometers) which tends to overlook
the risks associated with increased driving and the safety benefits of
mobility management. Only by measuring risk per capita, as with other health
risks, can we perceive the risks associated with policies that stimulate
driving.

* Incrased automobile dependency contributes to other health risk, including
air pollution and sedentary living. More comprehensive evaluation of health
risks tends to increase the potential health benefits of mobility
management.


Sincerely,
Todd Litman
Victoria Transport Policy Institute (www.vtpi.org)
litman at vtpi.org
facebook.com/todd.litman
Phone & Fax 250-360-1560
1250 Rudlin Street, Victoria, BC, V8V 3R7, CANADA
"Efficiency - Equity - Clarity"


-----Original Message-----
From: sustran-discuss-bounces+litman=vtpi.org at list.jca.apc.org
[mailto:sustran-discuss-bounces+litman=vtpi.org at list.jca.apc.org] On Behalf
Of Gregorio Villacorta Alegria
Sent: December-25-11 5:01 PM
To: Global 'South' Sustainable Transport
Subject: [sustran] Relationship between Metro Projects and Urban Road Safety

Dear Friends,

I would information about relationship between the implementation of Metro
Project and Urban Road Safety, is to justify how a Metro project reduce the
amount of accidents.

regards

Gregorio
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